Conserving biodiversity of plant genetic collections in FRC SSC of RAS

Abstract

Abstract The paper considers the problem of conserving biological diversity in the Federal Research Centre the Subtropical Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The research was carried out on the Black Sea coast of the Krasnodar Territory in the humid subtropical zone. The climatic conditions in the given zone, as well as a number of other factors, contributed to the formation and growth of unique diverse species and of plant cultivars, many of which are included in the collections of FRC SSC of RAS and have been objects of research. The paper presents an analysis of genetic resources, which includes 2 700 subtropical cultivars, southern fruit, pome, nut-bearing, flower crops and tea, as well as species of natural flora, supported in a live form. Collections consisting of Russian and foreign cultivars, aboriginal, intergenerational and interspecific forms, clones, rare, endangered and endemic species of natural flora are given in the paper. 90 sources of valuable traits have been identified, of which 51 are floral, 39 are fruit. In addition to the purposes of conserving valuable genetic material, collection samples are used for fundamental research in the field of biology, genetics, breeding, physiology and biochemistry (1 594 cultivars). 1 748 cultivars are recommended for practical use, as well as for obtaining fruit and flower products and planting material.