About the Role of Digitalization of Agriculture in Reducing the Impact of Climate on the Technological Development of Crop Production

Abstract

Abstract The article presents the generalized results of century-long observations of changes in the yield of grain crops of Udmurtia against the background of climate variation and the development of production technologies. The trends in the development of crop production are revealed and the influence of meteorological indicators on the efficiency of agriculture is proved. The correlations of grain yield with the temperature regime and moisture supply in certain periods of plant growth are considered. It is established that the climatic conditions of plant growth from April to June have the greatest role in the formation of the crop. There is a positive relationship between the yield and the average annual temperature of the previous year. Based on the analysis of time series of meteorological indicators for temperatures and precipitation in the summer period, trend equations are obtained, which prove the regularities of the growth of the average daily temperature and average monthly precipitation over a multi-year interval. A rather significant direct influence on plant growth of the average temperature of April, which determines the intensity of soil processes, has been revealed. At the same time, the existence of cyclic components in changes in temperature and precipitation is confirmed, and the frequency of these cycles is calculated. The tendency of reducing the role of natural factors in the formation of the crop with the use of innovative technologies and digitalization of the industry is proved. The possibilities of applying modern scientific achievements and technical solutions to reduce the role of climatic factors in the production of crop products are shown.