A review of retrofitting in the structural steel buildings using bracing systems

Abstract

Abstract The multi-storey buildings and towers that are constructed of steel frames are exposed to lateral loads such as wind loads, earthquakes and explosions, which cause a vibrational movement in the structure. Therefore, the horizontal drift and deformations increase and lead to instability in the structure. So, it is necessary to retrofit the structural steel buildings by increasing the lateral stiffness and ductility of the structure. This is made by choosing a suitable bracing system type to retrofit the building. In this research, the bracing system types are taken to achieve the desired purpose. A summary of this system and its types, and a historical overview of the use of this system were studied. The results are compared by investigating several parameters, such as the total mass of the structure, the cost, lateral stiffness, and lateral displacement. Also, previous research was categorized following how it affected the reinforcement system. The main objectives of the study are to determine the most efficient bracing system for steel buildings under the influence of retrofitting against a lateral load and to compare the structural performance of various types of bracing systems. Also, the outcomes demonstrated that the bracing system decreases lateral displacement and boosts energy dissipation.