Managing public buses transportation considering environmental emissions

Abstract

Abstract Transportation systems and the environment are conflicting issues in nature with the main factor behind emissions of most pollutants and their impacts on the environment. The public transportation contributes by reducing negative effects of traffic and environmental pollution, as well as, its positive effects on the total transport economic costs. The aim of this paper focuses on managing the transportation network for public buses, by implementing some scientific planning techniques such as, working networks to reach maximum flow of the passengers, and minimum path method to choose the shortest way. Three parameters are considered in the problem solution these are; the maximum flow of passengers, the minimum distance and the minimum CO2 emissions. The case study of the research focuses on two main crowded areas in Baghdad governorate and theirs group transportation lines to be managed; these areas are The University of Technology and Al Mustanseria University in Baghdad/ Al Risafa. The flows of passengers between the two campuses were studied with the aim of getting minimum distance and maximum flow of passenger. Distance in kilometers and Population Density for each path were studied to calculate CO2 Emissions in Tons to fulfill the third parameter. The results shows that for minimum distance the best route is route no.15; while for maximum passenger flow, the best route is route no.10. For minimum CO2 emissions, the best route is route no.15. The conflicting results emphases on the choice for the most important target according to the governorate strategies decisions.