Genetic analysis of the homogeneity of soybean varieties by microsatellite loci

Abstract

Abstract Soybean is the main protein and oil crop in the world. The production of soybeans is increasing every year. The special attention is given to the breeding and seed production of this crop due to its high economic importance. Currently, the morphological characteristics are used to characterize new varieties, applied for a patent. The analysis of polymorphism of the lengths of microsatellite loci (SSR) allows both to identify genotypes exactly and to evaluate genetic homogeneity within a variety. Soybean is a self-pollinating plant species; cross-pollination is extremely rare. The study of the genetic homogeneity of modern varieties of cultivated soybean showed the presence of genetic variability in five of the twenty studied varieties. We observed the heterogeneity of the varieties from one to four DNA SSR loci. We found the maximum level of intravarietal polymorphism in the variety Vilana beta – 46 % by the Soypr1 locus.