Multiplication of arabica “Solok Rajo” coffee through bio cellular technology

Abstract

Abstract The extensification of Rajo coffee cultivation faces obstacles due to the limited quality of planting material. Biocellular technology can be used for the mass propagation of plants in a short time. The objective of this study was to develop an effective in vitro protocol for propagating Rajo coffee. The media used for in vitro coffee seed germination was MS media strength [0; ¼; ½; ¾; 1 MS [full]]. Subsequently, the explant was transferred to full MS media supplemented with BAP [0,0; 2,5; 5,0; 7,5; 10,0 mg l−1]. Callus induced from young leaves cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D [2,0; 3,0; 4,0 mg l−1] and BAP [0.0; 0.5; 1.0; 1.5 mg l−1]. From the initial experimental results obtained that seeds can be considered a good starting material for in vitro establishment in the propagation of Arabica coffee “Solok Rajo”. The ¼ MS medium gave more root, hypocotyls, and plantlet length, and full cotyledonary leaves expansion. The addition of 5.0 and 7.5 mg l−1 BAP was able to increase the number of shoots and shoot length. BAP and 2,4-D affected callus initiation and development of Rajo coffee explants, where all concentrations could induce callus, but 3,0 mg l−1 2,4-D was able to induce callus better and faster. There was no interaction between 2,4-D and BAP for callus induction and there was no effect between the addition of 2 mg l−1, 3 mg l−1, and 4 mg l−1 on callus induction. The addition of BAP affected the callus induction time and callus fresh weight. In general, callus formed has a friable structure with yellowish-white color.