Kinetic theory of sech2 x electron holes and applications to Kappa-distributed plasmas

Abstract

Abstract The kinetic theory of sech2 x-type electron holes (EHs) is studied. The potential of the EHs is solved in the weak amplitude limit by the pseudo-potential method. We investigate the existence condition of the sech2 x EHs. It indicates that the derivatives of trapped and untrapped distributions at the separatrix play significant roles in determining the potential profile. The theory is then applied to the Kappa-distributed plasmas. The amplitude and width of the sech2 x EHs are analyzed. Finally, the theoretical results are verified by numerical calculations.