Advancing frequency fine-tuning: a theoretical approach to a novel metamaterial-inspired Bi-layer resonator

Abstract

Abstract This study presents a novel adjustable device designed for precise frequency tuning within the S-band of the microwave spectra. In addition to the geometrical design and dielectric behavior of the resonator, this study identifies an influential governing factor that affects the resonant frequency. The proposed method utilizes a bi-layer split ring resonator configuration implemented on a 4 × 4 cm FR4 epoxy substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4. The substrate is coated with a 35 μm- thick layer of copper and patterned as split ring resonator. Frequency tuning was achieved by spatially separating the two parallel split ring resonators in increments of 800 μm. This innovative approach allows for a shift in the resonant frequency range from 2.36 GHz to 2.61 GHz, covering the desired frequencies in the S-band for applications such as biomedical and wireless communications. This study demonstrates that the alteration in the frequency domain is dependent on the distance between the two layers of split ring resonators. Compared to existing frequency tuning mechanisms, this adjustable bi-layer split ring resonator offers numerous advantages including simplicity, cost-effectiveness, and high sensitivity. The research employs a combination of finite-element simulations and theoretical analysis to validate the findings.