Fabrication of gemcitabine and losmapimod-prodrug loaded nanoparticles for the treatment and care of lung cancer

Abstract

Abstract Lung carcinoma (LC) is rare cancer in most parts of the world but is common cancer in southern Asia. Local recurrent disease and distant metastasis of LC are still mysterious challenges. This investigation was to effectively fabricate and evaluate the therapeutic efficiency of Gemcitabine (GEM) and Losmapimod (LOS) encapsulated into polyethylene glycol (PEG)-polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-NPs (GEM/LOS@NPs), which exhibited inhibition of in vitro lung cells proliferation. GEM/LOS@NPs with a diameter of ∼100 nm have been constructed employing an enhanced double-emulsion (W/O/W) method. The GEM/LOS@NPs’ particle size was studied through transmission electron microscopic (TEM) techniques and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement. After successfully fabricating GEM/LOS@NPs, the anticancer ability of A549 and H460 lung cancer cells was investigated. Biochemical assays such as AO/EB (acridine bromide/orange ethidium) and nuclear staining investigated the cancer cell’s morphology and death. The cell death of the cancer cells was synergically examined by ROS analysis. Overall, these results suggest that highly toxic drugs can be rationally transformed into self-deliverable and pharmacologically efficient monotherapy.