Intensity-Dependent Dipole Phase in High-Order Harmonic Interferometry

Abstract

High-order harmonics are ideal probes to resolve the attosecond dynamics of strong-field recollision processes. An easy-to-implement phase mask is utilized to covert the Gaussian beam to TEM01 transverse electromagnetic mode, allowing the realization of two-source interferometry of high-order harmonics. We experimentally measure the intensity dependence of dipole phase directly with high-order harmonic interferometry, in which the driving laser intensity can be precisely adjusted. The classical electron excursion simulations reproduce the experimental findings quite well, demonstrating that Coulomb potential plays subtle roles on movement of electrons for harmonics near the ionization threshold. This work is of great importance for precision measurements of ultrafast dynamics in strong-field physics.