Author:
Li 李 Chong 冲,Huang 黄 Peiyuan 培源,Wang 王 Chen-Guang 晨光,Li 李 Haojie 浩杰,Lyu 吕 Yang-Yang 阳阳,Yue 岳 Wen-Cheng 文诚,Yuan 袁 Zixiong 子雄,Li 李 Tianyu 甜雨,Tu 涂 Xuecou 学凑,Tao 陶 Tao 涛,Dong 董 Sining 思宁,He 何 Liang 亮,Jia 贾 Xiaoqing 小氢,Sun 孙 Guozhu 国柱,Kang 康 Lin 琳,Wang 王 Huabing 华兵,Wu 吴 Peiheng 培亨,Wang 王 Yong-Lei 永磊
Abstract
Controlling the size and distribution of potential barriers within a medium of interacting particles can unveil unique collective behaviors and innovative functionalities. We introduce a unique superconducting hybrid device using a novel artificial spin ice structure composed of asymmetric nanomagnets. This structure forms a distinctive superconducting pinning potential that steers unconventional motion of superconducting vortices, thereby inducing a magnetic nonreciprocal effect, in contrast to the electric nonreciprocal effect commonly observed in superconducting diodes. Furthermore, the polarity of the magnetic nonreciprocity is in situ reversible through the tunable magnetic patterns of artificial spin ice. Our findings demonstrate that artificial spin ice not only precisely modulates superconducting characteristics but also opens the door to novel functionalities, offering a groundbreaking paradigm for superconducting electronics.