Processes of Dyeing, Finishing and Flame Retardancy of Cellulosic Textiles in the Presence of Reactive Tertiary Amines

Abstract

Cotton fabrics can be dyed with reactive and/or direct dyes in aqueous baths under certain specific conditions of pH, salt, temperature, time, etc., and rendered fire retardant through reaction with reactive phosphonopropionamide compounds. In the presence of reactive tertiary amines and reactive phosphorous derivatives, cotton fabrics can be dyed with reactive, direct or acid dyes in the absence of the usual added alkalis and salts, and in the mean time, the fabric becomes fire retardant with wash and wear properties. To verify such claims, reactive aminating agents are synthesized by reacting different amine compounds that have various numbers of amino groups with acryl amide and formaldehyde. The pad-dry-cure technique is applied to treated fabrics with aqueous finishing formulations that contain dyestuff and reactive amine-compounds; the cotton fabric will simultaneously impart reactive dyeing, easy-care inishing and fire-retardant properties. Systematic studies show that in the presence of 6% weight/weight, reactive amine in an aqueous formulation yields cotton fabric with the least loss in tensile strength and elongation at break, and an enhancement to the crease recovery angle. By adding the dyestuff to the aqueous formulation at fixed nitrogen content for treated cotton (0.2%) under identical dyeing conditions, the colour strength (K/S) increases for dyed cotton. The fastness properties of the dyed fabric are improved or remain unaltered for the three types of dyestuffs used