Detection of electrical faults in induction motors using vibration analysis

Abstract

Purpose – The objective is the application of vibration analysis for the detection and diagnosis of low isolation between the stator coil wind and the voltage phase unbalance in induction motors with different numbers of poles. The purpose of this paper is to provide an approach for maintenance engineers for diagnosis electrical fault through the vibration analyses. Design/methodology/approach – A detailed review of previous work carried out by some researchers and maintenance engineers in the area of machine fault detection is performed. By vibration analysis, the spectra were collected, which used to analyze the failure. Vibration spectra could detect particular characteristic for each fault in an initial condition, so the machine health can be preserved. Findings – Results show the efficiency of the technique of vibration analysis and their relevance to detect and diagnose faults in different induction motors. In this way, it may be included in future predictive maintenance programs. Practical implications – The paper presents a laboratory investigation carried out through an experimental set-up for the study of fault, mainly related to the stator winding inter-turn short circuit and voltage phase unbalance. Originality/value – The main contribution of the paper has been the characterization of one more tool that makes the predictive maintenance process more efficient, effective and faster, increasing the reliability and availability of equipment.