Drug therapy in ADHD in people with intellectual disabilities

Abstract

Purpose – Attention disorders in people with intellectual disabilities (ID) is common. Current drug treatments are based on the literature in people without ID. The purpose of this paper is to present a review of the drug treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in people with ID in the German and English languages literature with the aim of exploring the current evidence base. Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides a general review of the evidence base on drug treatment of ADHD in people with ID from the German and English language literature. Findings – Studies and practice guidance on ADHD in both languages are similar with more information published in English. Much of the evidence on drug therapy to treat ADHD in people with ID is based on studies in children. The literature on ADHD in children without ID is helpful but not specific to all people with ID who have ADHD. The response rates to medication to treat ADHD in people with ID are lower than in people without ID. The occurrence of side effects from medication is more common in people with ID. Co-morbid disorders are often present in people with ADHD that could affect study findings. Practical implications – Medication used to treat ADHD is effective when treating ADHD in people with ID. Prescribers should be aware of guidelines on medication and their potential drug interactions and side effects. Newer drugs could offer more effective treatments because of fewer adverse effects than current medications. Originality/value – The general review offers an insight in to the literature in German and English on ADHD in ID comparing what is published in both languages.