Methodology for digital preservation of the cultural and patrimonial heritage: generation of a 3D model of the Church St. Peter and Paul (Calw, Germany) by using laser scanning and digital photogrammetry

Abstract

Purpose Representative cultural heritage sites and monuments around the world have been lost or damaged by natural disasters, human conflicts and daily erosion and deterioration. Documentation and digital preservation by using three-dimensional (3D) modeling techniques enables to ensure the knowledge and access for future generations. Efficient working methods and techniques should be proposed for this purpose. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, a methodology for the generation of 3D photorealistic models of representative historical buildings is introduced, for using data are obtained using terrestrial laser scanning systems and photogrammetry. Findings In this paper, an approach to reconstruct 3D photorealistic models by using laser scanning and photogrammetric data is shown. Combination of data from both sources offers an improved solution for 3D reconstruction of historical buildings, sites and places. Integration of 3D models into virtual globes and/or software applications can ensure digital preservation and knowledge for next generations. Research limitations/implications Results obtained in a concrete building are shown. However, each building or studied area can show some other different drawbacks. Practical implications The study enables to generate 3D and four-dimensional models of most valuable buildings and contribute to the preservation and documentation of the cultural heritage. Social implications The study enables digital documentation and preservation of cultural heritage. Originality/value A proper solution at field (in a real and complicated case) is explained, in addition to the results, which are shown.