Further support of the reliability and construct validity of the horizontal and vertical, individualism and collectivism Framework

Abstract

The search for an acceptable model to explain cultural differences in value orientations has led the present author to the constructs of individualism and collectivism (I‐C). These two constructs have attracted the attention of scholars from a variety of disciplines since the 1800s, and I‐C has been used to explain cultural differences in family dynamics, conflict resolution, communication, leadership and resource allocation.