Assessing the impact of climate change on aircraft engine performance during different flight phases (take-off and cruise) and the environmental consequences

Abstract

Purpose Climate change significantly impacts global temperatures, posing challenges to various sectors, including aviation. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of climate change on aircraft engine performance during different flight phases (take-off and cruise) and the environmental consequences. Design/methodology/approach This study examines the effects of rising temperatures on aircraft engine performance using real-time data from a Boeing 787-8 equipped with GEnx-1B engines, which are collected via Flight Data Recorder of the engines and were analyzed for the take-off and cruise phases on the ground. Exhaust gas temperature (EGT), fuel flow and take-off weights were evaluated. Findings The analysis revealed a significant increase in EGT at the cruising altitude of 38,000 ft during the summer months compared to expected standard atmospheric values. This increase, averaging over 200 °C, is attributed to global warming. Such elevated temperatures are likely to accelerate the degradation of turbine components, resulting in increased fuel consumption: higher EGT signifies inefficient engine operation, resulting in more fuel burned per unit thrust; early engine aging: elevated temperatures accelerate wear and tear on turbine components, potentially reducing engine lifespan and increasing maintenance costs and enhanced atmospheric pollution: incomplete combustion at high EGTs generates additional emissions, contributing to local air quality concerns. Practical implications The research findings have practical implications for understanding the potential operational challenges and environmental impacts of climate change on aircraft engine performance. This lets us explore mitigation strategies and adapt operational procedures to ensure sustainable regional aviation practices. Originality/value This research enhances environmental consequences by assessing the impact of climate change on aircraft performance.