Coupled atmospheric chemistry, radiation, and dynamics of an exoplanet generate self-sustained oscillations

Author:

Luo Yangcheng123ORCID,Hu Yongyun2ORCID,Yang Jun2ORCID,Zhang Michael1,Yung Yuk L.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Division of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125

2. Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

3. Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique/Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Sorbonne Université, École Normale Supérieure, Université Paris Sciences et Lettres, Ecole Polytechnique, Institut Polytechnique de Paris, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris 75005, France

Abstract

Nonlinearity in photochemical systems is known to allow self-sustained oscillations, but they have received little attention in studies of planetary atmospheres. Here, we present a unique, self-oscillatory solution for ozone chemistry of an exoplanet from a numerical simulation using a fully coupled, three-dimensional (3D) atmospheric chemistry-radiation-dynamics model. Forced with nonvarying stellar insolation and emission flux of nitric oxide (NO), atmospheric ozone abundance oscillates by a factor of thirty over a multidecadal timescale. As such self-oscillations can only occur with biological nitrogen fixation contributing to NO emission, we propose that they are a unique class of biosignature. The resulting temporal variability in the atmospheric spectrum is potentially observable. Our results underscore the importance of revisiting the spectra of exoplanets over multidecadal timescales to characterizing the atmospheric chemistry of exoplanets and searching for exoplanet biosignatures. There are also profound implications for comparative planetology and the evolution of the atmospheres of terrestrial planets in the solar system and beyond. Fully coupled, 3D atmospheric chemistry-radiation-dynamics models can reveal new phenomena that may not exist in one-dimensional models, and hence, they are powerful tools for future planetary atmospheric research.

Funder

California Institute of Technology

MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China

Virtual Planetary Laboratory, the University of Washington

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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