Buckling and twisting of advanced materials into morphable 3D mesostructures

Author:

Zhao Hangbo,Li Kan,Han Mengdi,Zhu Feng,Vázquez-Guardado Abraham,Guo Peijun,Xie Zhaoqian,Park Yoonseok,Chen Lin,Wang Xueju,Luan HaiwenORCID,Yang Yiyuan,Wang Heling,Liang Cunman,Xue YeguangORCID,Schaller Richard D.,Chanda Debashis,Huang Yonggang,Zhang Yihui,Rogers John A.

Abstract

Recently developed methods in mechanically guided assembly provide deterministic access to wide-ranging classes of complex, 3D structures in high-performance functional materials, with characteristic length scales that can range from nanometers to centimeters. These processes exploit stress relaxation in prestretched elastomeric platforms to affect transformation of 2D precursors into 3D shapes by in- and out-of-plane translational displacements. This paper introduces a scheme for introducing local twisting deformations into this process, thereby providing access to 3D mesostructures that have strong, local levels of chirality and other previously inaccessible geometrical features. Here, elastomeric assembly platforms segmented into interconnected, rotatable units generate in-plane torques imposed through bonding sites at engineered locations across the 2D precursors during the process of stress relaxation. Nearly 2 dozen examples illustrate the ideas through a diverse variety of 3D structures, including those with designs inspired by the ancient arts of origami/kirigami and with layouts that can morph into different shapes. A mechanically tunable, multilayered chiral 3D metamaterial configured for operation in the terahertz regime serves as an application example guided by finite-element analysis and electromagnetic modeling.

Funder

National Science Foundation

National Science Foundation of China

U.S. Department of Energy

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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