Conformational alterations in unidirectional ion transport of a light-driven chloride pump revealed using X-ray free electron lasers

Author:

Hosaka Toshiaki1ORCID,Nomura Takashi23ORCID,Kubo Minoru3ORCID,Nakane Takanori4,Fangjia Luo25,Sekine Shun-ichi1ORCID,Ito Takuhiro1ORCID,Murayama Kazutaka16ORCID,Ihara Kentaro1,Ehara Haruhiko1ORCID,Kashiwagi Kazuhiro1,Katsura Kazushige1,Akasaka Ryogo1,Hisano Tamao1,Tanaka Tomoyuki25,Tanaka Rie25,Arima Toshi25,Yamashita Ayumi25,Sugahara Michihiro2,Naitow Hisashi2,Matsuura Yoshinori2,Yoshizawa Susumu7,Tono Kensuke28ORCID,Owada Shigeki28ORCID,Nureki Osamu4ORCID,Kimura-Someya Tomomi1ORCID,Iwata So25,Nango Eriko29ORCID,Shirouzu Mikako1

Affiliation:

1. RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan

2. RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan

3. Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Science, University of Hyogo, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan

4. Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0034, Japan

5. Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan

6. Division of Biomedical Measurements and Diagnostics, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8575, Japan

7. Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8564, Japan

8. Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan

9. Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan

Abstract

Significance Light-driven chloride pumps have been identified in various species, including archaea and marine flavobacteria. The function of ion transportation controllable by light is utilized for optogenetics tools in neuroscience. Chloride pumps differ among species, in terms of amino acid homology and structural similarity. Our time-resolved crystallographic studies using X-ray free electron lasers reveal the molecular mechanism of halide ion transfer in a light-driven chloride pump from a marine flavobacterium. Our data indicate a common mechanism in chloride pumping rhodopsins, as compared to previous low-temperature trapping studies of chloride pumps. These findings are significant not only for further improvements of optogenetic tools but also for a general understanding of the ion pumping mechanisms of microbial rhodopsins.

Funder

MEXT | Japan Society for the Promotion of Science

Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development

MEXT | RIKEN

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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