Multiple spillovers from humans and onward transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer

Author:

Kuchipudi Suresh V.12,Surendran-Nair Meera12ORCID,Ruden Rachel M.34ORCID,Yon Michele1,Nissly Ruth H.12ORCID,Vandegrift Kurt J.5,Nelli Rahul K.4ORCID,Li Lingling1,Jayarao Bhushan M.1,Maranas Costas D.6,Levine Nicole27,Willgert Katriina8ORCID,Conlan Andrew J. K.8ORCID,Olsen Randall J.91011,Davis James J.12,Musser James M.91011ORCID,Hudson Peter J.5ORCID,Kapur Vivek27ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Animal Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802

2. Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802

3. Wildlife Bureau, Iowa Department of Natural Resources, Des Moines, IA 50319

4. Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011

5. The Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, Department of Biology and Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802

6. Department of Chemical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802

7. Department of Animal Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802

8. Disease Dynamics Unit, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0ES, United Kingdom

9. Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Disease Research, Center for Infectious Diseases, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030

10. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021

11. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10021

12. University of Chicago Consortium for Advanced Science and Engineering, University of Chicago and Division of Data Science and Learning, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439

Abstract

Significance The results provide strong evidence of extensive SARS-CoV-2 infection of white-tailed deer, a free-living wild animal species with widespread distribution across North, Central, and South America. The analysis shows infection of deer resulted from multiple spillovers from humans, followed by efficient deer-to-deer transmission. The discovery of widespread infection of white-tailed deer indicates their establishment as potential reservoir hosts for SARS-CoV-2, a finding with important implications for the ecology, long-term persistence, and evolution of the virus, including the potential for spillback to humans.

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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