Hidden signatures of early fire at Evron Quarry (1.0 to 0.8 Mya)

Author:

Stepka Zane1,Azuri Ido2ORCID,Horwitz Liora Kolska3ORCID,Chazan Michael4ORCID,Natalio Filipe15ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Kimmel Center for Archaeological Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel

2. Bioinformatics Unit, Department of Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel

3. National Natural History Collections, The Hebrew University, 9190401 Jerusalem, Israel

4. Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2S2, Canada

5. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel

Abstract

Pyrotechnology is a key element of hominin evolution. The identification of fire in early hominin sites relies primarily on an initial visual assessment of artifacts’ physical alterations, resulting in potential underestimation of the prevalence of fire in the archaeological record. Here, we used a suite of spectroscopic techniques to counter the absence of visual signatures for fire and demonstrate the presence of burnt fauna and lithics at the Lower Paleolithic (LP) open-air site of Evron Quarry (Israel), dated between 1.0 and 0.8 Mya and roughly contemporaneous to Gesher Benot Ya’aqov where early pyrotechnology has been documented. We propose reexamining finds from other LP sites lacking visual clues of pyrotechnology to yield a renewed perspective on the origin, evolution, and spatiotemporal dispersal of the relationship between early hominin behavior and fire use.

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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