Outsourced hearing in an orb-weaving spider that uses its web as an auditory sensor

Author:

Zhou Jian12ORCID,Lai Junpeng1ORCID,Menda Gil3,Stafstrom Jay A.3ORCID,Miles Carol I.4,Hoy Ronald R.3,Miles Ronald N.1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902

2. Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439

3. Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853

4. Department of Biological Sciences, Binghamton University, Binghamton, NY 13902

Abstract

Significance The sense of hearing in all known animals relies on possessing auditory organs that are made up of cellular tissues and constrained by body sizes. We show that hearing in the orb-weaving spider is functionally outsourced to its extended phenotype, the proteinaceous self-manufactured web, and hence processes behavioral controllability. This finding opens new perspectives on animal extended cognition and hearing—the outsourcing and supersizing of auditory function in spiders. This study calls for reinvestigation of the remarkable evolutionary ecology and sensory ecology in spiders—one of the oldest land animals. The sensory modality of outsourced hearing provides a unique model for studying extended and regenerative sensing and presents new design features for inspiring novel acoustic flow detectors.

Funder

HHS | NIH | National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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