Constructing molecule-metal relay catalysis over heterophase metallene for high-performance rechargeable zinc-nitrate/ethanol batteries

Author:

Zhou Jingwen123ORCID,Xiong Yuecheng12ORCID,Sun Mingzi4,Xu Zhihang5ORCID,Wang Yunhao1ORCID,Lu Pengyi12,Liu Fu1,Hao Fengkun1,Feng Tianyi1,Ma Yangbo1ORCID,Yin Jinwen1,Ye Chenliang6,Chen Biao7ORCID,Xi Shibo8,Zhu Ye5,Huang Bolong4ORCID,Fan Zhanxi129ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China

2. Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China

3. Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang 621900, China

4. Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China

5. Department of Applied Physics Research Institute for Smart Energy, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, Special Administrative Region of China

6. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China

7. School of Material Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China

8. Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment, A*STAR, Singapore 627833, Singapore

9. City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China

Abstract

Zinc-nitrate batteries can integrate energy supply, ammonia electrosynthesis, and sewage disposal into one electrochemical device. However, current zinc-nitrate batteries still severely suffer from the limited energy density and poor rechargeability. Here, we report the synthesis of tetraphenylporphyrin (tpp)-modified heterophase (amorphous/crystalline) rhodium-copper alloy metallenes (RhCu M-tpp). Using RhCu M-tpp as a bifunctional catalyst for nitrate reduction reaction (NO 3 RR) and ethanol oxidation reaction in neutral solution, a highly rechargeable and low-overpotential zinc-nitrate/ethanol battery is successfully constructed, which exhibits outstanding energy density of 117364.6 Wh kg −1 cat , superior rate capability, excellent cycling stability of ~400 cycles, and potential ammonium acetate production. Ex/in situ experimental studies and theoretical calculations reveal that there is a molecule-metal relay catalysis in NO 3 RR over RhCu M-tpp that significantly facilitates the ammonia selectivity and reaction kinetics via a low energy barrier pathway. This work provides an effective design strategy of multifunctional metal-based catalysts toward the high-performance zinc-based hybrid energy systems.

Funder

MOST | National Natural Science Foundation of China

Research Grants Council, University Grants Committee

Shenzhen Municipal Science and Technology Innovation Council | Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Program

City University of Hong Kong

Publisher

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences

Subject

Multidisciplinary

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