Abstract
In certain medical applications, transmitting an ultrasound beam through the skin to manipulate a solid object within the human body would be beneficial. Such applications include, for example, controlling an ingestible camera or expelling a kidney stone. In this paper, ultrasound beams of specific shapes were designed by numerical modeling and produced using a phased array. These beams were shown to levitate and electronically steer solid objects (3-mm-diameter glass spheres), along preprogrammed paths, in a water bath, and in the urinary bladders of live pigs. Deviation from the intended path was on average <10%. No injury was found on the bladder wall or intervening tissue.
Funder
HHS | NIH | National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Russian Foundation for Basic Research
HHS | NIH | National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering
National Space Biomedical Research Institute
Publisher
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
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