Actin reduction by MsrB2 is a key component of the cytokinetic abscission checkpoint and prevents tetraploidy

Abstract

Abscission is the terminal step of cytokinesis leading to the physical separation of the daughter cells. In response to the abnormal presence of lagging chromatin between dividing cells, an evolutionarily conserved abscission/NoCut checkpoint delays abscission and prevents formation of binucleated cells by stabilizing the cytokinetic intercellular bridge (ICB). How this bridge is stably maintained for hours while the checkpoint is activated is poorly understood and has been proposed to rely on F-actin in the bridge region. Here, we show that actin polymerization is indeed essential for stabilizing the ICB when lagging chromatin is present, but not in normal dividing cells. Mechanistically, we found that a cytosolic pool of human methionine sulfoxide reductase B2 (MsrB2) is strongly recruited at the midbody in response to the presence of lagging chromatin and functions within the ICB to promote actin polymerization there. Consistently, in MsrB2-depleted cells, F-actin levels are decreased in ICBs, and dividing cells with lagging chromatin become binucleated as a consequence of unstable bridges. We further demonstrate that MsrB2 selectively reduces oxidized actin monomers and thereby counteracts MICAL1, an enzyme known to depolymerize actin filaments by direct oxidation. Finally, MsrB2 colocalizes and genetically interacts with the checkpoint components Aurora B and ANCHR, and the abscission delay upon checkpoint activation by nuclear pore defects also depends on MsrB2. Altogether, this work reveals that actin reduction by MsrB2 is a key component of the abscission checkpoint that favors F-actin polymerization and limits tetraploidy, a starting point for tumorigenesis.