1. Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
2. Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
3. Department of Biomedical Data Science, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
4. Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
5. Meta-Research Innovation Center at Stanford, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305
6. Meta-Research Innovation Center Berlin, QUEST Center for Responsible Research, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, 10178 Berlin, Germany
7. SciTech Strategies, Inc., Albuquerque, NM 87122
8. Research Intelligence, Elsevier B.V., 1043 NX Amsterdam, The Netherlands