Author:
Bouslimani Amina,Porto Carla,Rath Christopher M.,Wang Mingxun,Guo Yurong,Gonzalez Antonio,Berg-Lyon Donna,Ackermann Gail,Moeller Christensen Gitte Julie,Nakatsuji Teruaki,Zhang Lingjuan,Borkowski Andrew W.,Meehan Michael J.,Dorrestein Kathleen,Gallo Richard L.,Bandeira Nuno,Knight Rob,Alexandrov Theodore,Dorrestein Pieter C.
Abstract
The human skin is an organ with a surface area of 1.5–2 m2 that provides our interface with the environment. The molecular composition of this organ is derived from host cells, microbiota, and external molecules. The chemical makeup of the skin surface is largely undefined. Here we advance the technologies needed to explore the topographical distribution of skin molecules, using 3D mapping of mass spectrometry data and microbial 16S rRNA amplicon sequences. Our 3D maps reveal that the molecular composition of skin has diverse distributions and that the composition is defined not only by skin cells and microbes but also by our daily routines, including the application of hygiene products. The technological development of these maps lays a foundation for studying the spatial relationships of human skin with hygiene, the microbiota, and environment, with potential for developing predictive models of skin phenotypes tailored to individual health.
Publisher
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Cited by
286 articles.
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