Radionuclides in Fracking Wastewater: Managing a ToxicBlend

Author:

Brown Valeria J.1

Affiliation:

1. Valerie J. Brown, based in Oregon, has written for EHP since 1996. In 2009 she won a Society of Environmental Journalists’ Outstanding Explanatory Reporting award for her writing on epigenetics.

Publisher

Environmental Health Perspectives

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health

Reference33 articles.

1. EPA. TENORM: Oil and Gas Production Wastes [website]. Washington DC:Office of Radiation and Indoor Air U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (updated 30 August 2012). Available: http://www.epa.gov/radiation/tenorm/oilandgas.html [accessed 8 January 2014].

2. Analysis of Reserve Pit Sludge from Unconventional Natural Gas Hydraulic Fracturing and Drilling Operations for the Presence of Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (TENORM)

3. EIA. Pennsylvania is the fastest-growing natural gas-producing state [weblog entry]. Today in Energy (17 December 2013). Washington DC:U.S. Energy Information Administration U.S. Department of Energy. Available: http://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.cfm?id=14231# [accessed 8 January 2014].

4. Schramm E. What Is Flowback and How Does It Differ from Produced Water? [website]. Wilkes-Barre PA:The Institute for Energy and Environmental Research for Northeastern Pennsylvania Wilkes University (24 March 11). Available: http://energy.wilkes.edu/pages/205.asp [8 January 2014].

5. Rowan EL et al. Radium Content of Oil- and Gas-Field Produced Waters in the Northern Appalachian Basin (USA)—Summary and Discussion of Data. Scientific Investigations Report 2011–5135. Washington DC:U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Department of the Interior (2011). Available: http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5135/pdf/sir2011-5135.pdf [accessed 8 January 2014.].

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