Abstract
Introduction: cervical cancer is a preventable and treatable disease. Early detection is crucial for improving patient prognosis and quality of life. The Pap smear has limitations in sensitivity and specificity. Molecular biomarkers in cytological samples can improve early detection.
Method: a literature review was conducted on the evaluation of molecular biomarkers in cytological samples for the early detection of cervical cancer. Studies were searched in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science.
Results: we identified 6 studies that evaluated various molecular biomarkers, including HPV DNA, DNA methylation, miRNAs, and proteins. The studies demonstrated that molecular biomarkers have a higher sensitivity and specificity than the Pap smear for detecting cervical cancer.
Conclusion: the evaluation of molecular biomarkers in cytological samples is a promising tool for the early detection of cervical cancer. Further research is needed to standardize detection techniques, validate their clinical utility in different populations and contexts, and reduce the cost of testing.
Publisher
Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia