Analysis of occupational risks in dental technicians

Abstract

Introduction: Dental technicians are exposed to various occupational risks that can seriously affect their health. These risks include ergonomic, physical, chemical and biological factors, which can cause significant health problems and affect the quality of work life. Therefore, this study seeks to evaluate the risks to which dental technicians are exposed in their work environment and propose preventive and control measures to mitigate the negative effects on their health.Method: A systematic review of the available literature on occupational risks in dental technicians was carried out. Additionally, Saaty's AHP method was applied to determine the relative prevalence of risks and their impact on occupational health.Results: The review revealed that dental technicians face significant exposure to ergonomic (musculoskeletal pain), physical (noise, vibrations, thermal radiation), chemical (exposure to toxic substances) and biological (infections from poorly disinfected prostheses) risks. While analysis using Saaty's AHP method has identified that musculoskeletal disorders, particularly neck, shoulder and back pain, have a higher prevalence compared to other risks.Conclusions: It is essential to adopt a comprehensive approach to occupational risk management in the dental field. It has been recommended to improve ergonomic practices, increase training in occupational safety and strengthen prevention and control policies. Additionally, continued research should be encouraged to adapt and improve preventive strategies based on emerging data, with particular attention to musculoskeletal disorders