Factores asociados con el control de la presión arterial en pacientes hipertensos

Abstract

Introduction: the lack of control of blood pressure levels constitutes a serious health problem. Objective: determine the factors associated with blood pressure control. Method: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study, developed between 2021 and 2023, in a sample of 140 hypertensive patients, from office 59, of the Turcios Lima Polyclinic. The documentary review and the application of instruments allowed the obtaining of information that gave rise to the analyzed variables, using descriptive and inferential statistics methods. Results: 55,0 % of the patients did not have blood pressure control, which was associated with age (p<0,001), cohabitation (p<0,001), stress level (p<0,001), trait anxiety (p<0,001) and status (p<0,001). All the risk factors evaluated showed the same behavior, with a median of 10 years since the diagnosis of the disease, with 37,9 % of the sample presenting polypharmacy. Partial adherence predominated in the study (50,7 %), being associated with pressure control (p<0,001). Conclusions: the study allowed us to identify the factors presented by patients that are related to the control of blood pressure levels. For this purpose, the sociodemographic and psychosocial spheres were analyzed, as well as the lifestyle and clinical characteristics, which made it possible to establish the variables that affect a modification of the control of said blood pressure figures.