Genetic polymorphisms predisposing to the development of systemic lupus erythematosus

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune disease with a very heterogeneous clinical presentation mediated by both environmental and genetic factors, it is predominantly female with a 9:1 ratio compared to males, as well as by Afro-descendant ethnic groups, Asian and Hispanic; its pathogenesis is mediated by polymorphic variants of different genes that provide susceptibility to this disease and that have been related to different clinical characteristics, among the most notable are lupus nephritis, cardiovascular diseases, while its treatment is not established. Objective: to determine the genetic polymorphisms predisposing to the development of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Methodology: the PubMed search engine was used together with Boolean operators and descriptors in the English language. Based on the search results, the articles to be included in the review were determined by selection according to involvement in the subject. Results: sixteen genetic polymorphisms involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus were found. Conclusion: polymorphisms explain the predisposition for the female sex, as well as the development of more severe clinical manifestations, highlighting lupus nephritis in specific ethnic groups such as Afro-descendants.