Abstract
Introduction: melasma is a skin condition that poses challenges due to its chronic nature and variable response to conventional therapies.Objective: this study aimed to investigate the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) in the treatment of melasma.Methodology: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of tranexamic acid (TXA) in the treatment of melasma. The literature search covered studies from 2019 to October 2023 in various electronic databases. Studies that met strict inclusion criteria were selected, prioritizing controlled and randomized clinical trials. The safety and efficacy of TXA in various formulations and routes of administration, such as oral, transepidermal, and intradermal, were evaluated. Results: the findings demonstrated that TXA, in its different forms of administration, led to a reduction in the Melasma Area and Severity Index (MASI) scores, indicating improvements in skin pigmentation and dermal microcirculation. Reductions in epidermal melanin density and the number of pendulous melanocytes were observed. Additionally, the efficacy of TXA combined with other therapeutic agents, such as ascorbic acid or platelet-rich plasma, to improve melasma was highlighted. Conclusion: TXA emerges as an effective therapeutic option in the treatment of melasma. Its ability to improve MASI scores suggests a positive effect on skin pigmentation and dermal microcirculation. However, challenges such as treatment tolerability and recurrence rates persist
Publisher
Salud, Ciencia y Tecnologia
Reference24 articles.
1. Kabashima K, Honda T, Ginhoux F, Egawa G. The immunological anatomy of the skin. Nat Rev Immunol. 2019;16(4):25-37. DOI: 10.1038/s41577-018-0084-5
2. Leiter U, Keim U, Garbe C. Epidemiology of Skin Cancer: Update 2019. Springer Link. 2020; 12(3):231-45. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-46227-7_6
3. Arenas R. Dermatología. Atlas, diagnóstico y tratamiento. 7th ed. Madrid: McGraw-Hill Interamericana; 2015:78-92.
4. Cribier B. Histología de la piel normal y lesiones histopatológicas elementales. EMC - Dermatología. 2021; 55(2):213-25. DOI: 10.1016/S1761-2896(21)45139-3
5. Martín Pozo Y, Apolinario Castillo EC, Pérez Fleites D, Betancourt Pérez A, Alba Castellanos L, González Rodríguez R. Relación clínica-dermatoscópica-histológica de lesiones pigmentadas de piel sugestiva de melanoma. Acta Médica del Centro. 2022; 16(3):45-57.