Pharmacological and Non-pharmacological interventions for the prevention of Pre-eclampsia: a Systematic Review

Abstract

Background: Hypertensive disorders during pregnancy are a major cause of severe illness, long-term disability, and maternal mortality. Preeclampsia is considered one of the main diseases associated with these disorders, and it is important to know how to facilitate its prevention through early detection to achieve adequate clinical management. In this context, it has been proven that knowledge of risk factors, the quality of follow-up of these patients, early diagnosis and appropriate clinical management have a significant impact on minimizing these data. Objective: To unify, analyze and identify the available evidence about the possible benefits and risks of the preventive therapies available for the treatment of preeclampsia, to define the current level of evidence of this therapy and the effects on the clinical results of maternal and child health. Material and Methods: Data collection was performed through a search in the online databases: SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and PUBMED. The articles were downloaded from the cited platforms, and  Zotero program was used to make the proper citations and references. The research will be made up of published and updated literature that reflects the importance and types of preventive treatment in preeclampsia. Results and discusión:  Fifteen studies that met the criteria related to the object of study were included. According to the results achieved, the study allowed obtaining a more detailed view of the studies that emerged from the data search, highlighting categories such as those that reflect knowledge of non-pharmacological and pharmacological treatments and their real effectiveness for the prevention of preeclampsia. Conclusions: The analysis carried out shows that the findings of this study suggest that carrying out interventions for the prevention of preeclampsia in general is beneficial when the components that have a proven positive effect are mainly used. Abbreviations: (AIT) Alanine aminotransferase, (AST) Aspartate Aminotransferase, (UIL) Intrauterine growth restriction, (DIC) Disseminated intravascular coagulation, (PE) Preeclampsia