Systematization of research on the incidence of pesticides in people, use of biomarkers

Abstract

Currently the use of pesticides in agriculture has expanded in the search for greater productivity. These products can harm people's health in various ways. These effects can be captured through the use of genotoxicity biomarkers. The objective of this research is to systematize studies on biomarkers of genotoxicity of people exposed to pesticides in South America. The PRISMA method was applied to determine the studies to be analyzed. 15 documents met the inclusion criteria. Among the adverse health effects perceived in studies are neurological, respiratory, dermatological and endocrine disorders, as well as an increased risk of cancer. The main biomarkers identified are the comet assay, the cytokinesis blockade micronucleus assay, and the buccal cytoma micronucleus assay. Polymerase chain reaction, chromosomal aberrations, flow cytometry, and fluorescence in situ hybridization were also taken into account. Limitations were determined by biomarker. The usefulness of using multiple biomarkers is highlighted for a more complete and precise evaluation of pesticide exposure and genotoxic damage in agricultural workers in South America. The establishment of protective measures for workers against the use of pesticides and opting for the use of pesticides of biological origin will contribute to the preservation of people's health