Giant Solitary Fibrous Tumour of The Orbit Resected via Subconjunctival Approach

Abstract

Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) are uncommon neoplasms originating primarily in the pleura but occasionally in the orbit. Despite their generally benign nature, they can exhibit aggressive behaviour. This study focuses on a rare case of a giant SFT located in the orbit, emphasizing diagnostic challenges and treatment considerations. A 69-year-old male with a history of progressive eyelid swelling, proptosis, and vision loss underwent a subconjunctival approach for the removal of an orbital SFT. Histopathological analysis, along with immunohistochemistry markers, confirmed the tumour’s identity. Successful tumour resection was achieved through the subconjunctival approach, highlighting the efficacy of this method for orbital SFTs. The histopathological examination revealed typical features of SFT, characterized by spindle cells and unique architectural patterns. Immunohistochemistry further supported the diagnosis. This case underscores the importance of considering orbital SFTs in the differential diagnosis of orbital tumours, particularly when confronted with proptosis and visual disturbances. Surgical excision, guided by radiological imaging and immunohistochemically analysis, remains the primary therapeutic approach. However, due to the potential for aggressive behaviour, further research is needed to optimize management strategies, especially in cases of incomplete resection or atypical behaviour.