1. School of Environment, Resources and Sustainability, Department of Geography and Environmental Management, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
2. School of Earth, Environment and Society, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
3. School of Resource and Environmental Management, Faculty of Environment, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.