Antinociceptive activity of marine derived chitosan coated triphala extract against formalin-induced zebrafish pain model

Abstract

Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive effect of Triphala extract coated with marine derived chitosan against the formalin-induced adult zebrafish (Danio rerio) model. Methodology: Marine derived chitosan was extracted from Aspergillus niger and the extracted chitosan was coated witha commercial formulation of Triphala by a simple dispersion method. The prepared formulation was administrated to formalin-induced zebra fish model followed by studying changes in various behavioural parameters like swimming pattern, dark-light cycle pattern, antioxidants which include catalase, superoxide dismutase, lipid peroxidase, glutathione S. transferase, glutathione peroxidase and the expression pattern of inflammatory markers genes like tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and induced nitrous oxide synthase (, iNOs). Results: Marine derived chitosan-coated extract reveals notable antinociceptive activity by modulation of behavioural changes and inflammatory marker gene expression. The marine derived chitosan treatment group exhibits normal swimming patterns, dark-light cycle patterns, and morphological parameters as in the control group marine derived chitosan-coated Triphala treatment showed notable changes in the antioxidants. MARINE DERIVED CHITOSAN treatment did not induce any inflammatory signals, confirmed by a less expression pattern of inflammatory marker genes. Interpretation: These findings imply that marine derived chitosan-coated Triphala can be used as an antinociceptive agent through active phyto-principles involved in the molecular mechanism of pain manifestation. Key words: Antinociceptive, Chitosan, Marker genes, Triphala, Zebrafish