Private Enterprises in Space Related Activities: Questions of Responsibility and Liability

Abstract

Classical international law was characterised by its insistence on the state as a sovereign who within its borders had no equal and thus permitted no interference in its acts. States were the only subjects of international law. All other entities were objects of the law which was inevitably dominated and dictated by states. Modern international law has seen a drastic shift from these views. For instance, legal theory now recognises other subjects of the international regime. States have yielded parts of their sovereign powers to personalities like international organisations. To a certain extent, natural and legal persons have found a place in the emerging international law. It must be emphasised, however, that this position of the latter does not go unchecked. States still regulate the activities of other international legal personalities. States are also seen jealously guarding their status as the prime subjects of international law.