Author:
LIU C. T.,HOU R. F.,ASHIDA M.,CHEN C. C.
Abstract
The melanization of Dirofilaria immitis microfilariae
in
Armigeres subalbatus haemolymph in vitro is a two-step
process.
Firstly, the microfilariae are encased in a transparent capsule, then the
capsule material is melanized later. Benzamidine
HCl and p-amidinophenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, both serine
protease inhibitors, inhibited the deposition of the
transparent capsule material and melanization. Diethyldithiocarbamate,
a
phenoloxidase inhibitor, did not prevent the
deposition of the transparent capsule material but it did inhibit melanization.
m-Hydroxybenzylhydrazine, a dopa
decarboxylase inhibitor, had no inhibitory action on the deposition of
the transparent capsule material. However, the time
for the transparent capsule to become melanized was delayed due to the
presence of m-hydroxybenzylhydrazine in the test
system. Immunocytochemical localization showed that prophenoloxidase
and/or phenoloxidase was present in the transparent capsule material.
These results suggest (1) that prophenoloxidase cascade is essential in
the melanization of
microfilariae in mosquitoes and its putative activation behaviour is
similar to that of other insects and (2) that the deposition
of transparent capsule material is a result of the activation of
prophenoloxidase by serine proteases and the melanization
of the transparent capsule material is due to the presence of
active phenoloxidase in capsule.
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Animal Science and Zoology,Parasitology
Cited by
36 articles.
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