Effects of a lifestyle intervention on markers of cardiometabolic risk and oxidized lipoproteins among obese adolescents with prediabetes

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveObesity and hyperglycaemia contribute to the atherosclerotic process in part through oxidative modifications to lipoprotein particles. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of a lifestyle intervention on markers of oxidized lipoproteins in obese Latino adolescents with prediabetes.DesignPre–post design.SettingParticipants were enrolled into a 12-week lifestyle intervention. Measurements pre- and post-intervention included anthropometrics and body composition, lipid panel, oxidized LDL (oxLDL), oxidized HDL (oxHDL), intake of fresh fruits and vegetables, and cardiorespiratory fitness.ParticipantsThirty-five obese Latino adolescents (seventeen females, eighteen males; mean age 15·5 (sd1·0) years; mean BMI percentile 98·5 (sd1·2)) with prediabetes.ResultsIntervention participation resulted in significant reductions in weight (−1·2 %,P= 0·042), BMI and BMI percentile (−2·0 and −0·4 %, respectively,P< 0·001), body fat (−7·0 %,P= 0·025), TAG (−11·8 %,P= 0·032), total cholesterol (−5·0 %,P= 0·002), VLDL-cholesterol (−12·5 %,P= 0·029), and non-HDL-cholesterol (−6·7 %,P= 0·007). Additionally, fitness (6·4 %,P< 0·001) and intake of fruits and vegetables (42·4 %,P= 0·025) increased significantly. OxLDL decreased significantly after the intervention (51·0 (sd14·0)v. 48·7 (sd12·8) U/l,P= 0·022), while oxHDL trended towards a significant increase (395·2 (sd94·6)v. 416·1 (sd98·4) ng/ml,P= 0·056).ConclusionsThese data support the utility of lifestyle intervention to improve the atherogenic phenotype of Latino adolescents who are at high risk for developing premature CVD and type 2 diabetes.