Soil temperature and its association with maize yield variations in the Highlands of Kenya

Author:

Cooper P. J. M.,Law R.

Abstract

summaryIn the Highlands of Kenya every 1-week delay in planting maize after the onset of the rains reduces the grain yield by approximately 0·6 t/ha. No satisfactory explanation has been found for this phenomenon. A physiological growth study was made on four dates of planting per year over 4 years. Early growth rates and maximum crop growth rates showed a progressive decline with delay in planting which resulted in smaller plants at 5 weeks post-emergence and at 50 % tassel emergence in maize planted later. There was a strong relationship between the size of plant at tasselling and the final grain yield and a highly significant relationship (r = 0·94) between the size of plant at 5 weeks post emergence and the final grain yield. Other environmental studies showed that soil temperature at 7·5 cm, coupled with a soil moisture stress factor, largely controlled the dry-matter production rate during early growth, and consideration of the mean value of these two variables over the first 5 weeks of growth accounted for 70% of the variation of dry matter at 5 weeks post-emergence. It was further shown that 82% of the variation in final grain yield caused by date of planting could be accounted for by consideration of the mean value of these two variables during the first 5 weeks of growth.

Publisher

Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Subject

Genetics,Agronomy and Crop Science,Animal Science and Zoology

Reference12 articles.

1. Effects of Puccinia Polysora Rust on Yield of Maize

2. Allan A. Y. (1972). The influence of agronomic factors on maize yields in Western Kenya with special reference to time of planting. Ph.D. Thesis, University of East Africa.

3. Studies on the Soil Atmosphere Composition Under Maize, Grass and Bare Fallow in Western Kenya

4. Time of Planting—A Brief Review of Experimental Work in Tanganyika 1956–62

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