1. Voss, Kim. 1993. The Making of American Exceptionalism: The Knights of Labor and Class Formation in the Nineteenth Century. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press
2. U.S. Bureau of the Census 1998a. “Marital Status and Living Arrangements.” Current Population Reports, Series P-20, No. 514, March. Washington, DC: U.S. Bureau of the Census
3. U.S. Bureau of the Census. 1959–86. Statistical Abstract of the United States, 80th (1959), 84th (1963), 89th (1968), 95th (1974), 101st (1980), 106th (1986), and 111th (1991) eds. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office
4. Swain, Carol. 1993. Black Faces, Black Interests: The Representation of African-Americans in Congress. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press
5. Verba, Sidney, Kay Lehman Schlozman, and Henry E. Brady. 1996. Voice and Equality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press