1. External and internal representations in multimedia learning
2. Evaluating animations as student aids in learning computer algorithms
3. Schnotz, W. (2002, July). Enabling, facilitating, and inhibiting effects in learning from animated pictures. Paper presented at the Dynamic Visualizations workshop, Knowledge Media Research Centre, Tübingen, Germany
4. The roles of mental animations and external animations in understanding mechanical systems;Hegarty;Cognition and Instruction,2003
5. Effects of Textual and Animated Orienting Activities and Practice on Learning from Computer-Based Instruction