1. Emin S. N. , Kratkoe opisanie drevnego i noveishego sostoianiia Ottomanskoi porty (St Petersburg, 1769).
2. Zelkina, A. , In Quest for God and Freedom. Sufi Responses to the Russian Advance in the North Caucasus (London: Hurst, 2000).
3. Usmanova S. N. , Musul’manskaia fraktsiia i problemy ‘svobody sovesti’ v Gosudarstvennoi Dume Rossii (1906–1917) (Kazan: Master Line, 1999), especially.
4. Vorob’eva E. I. , ‘Musul’manskii vopros v imperskoi politike Rossiiskogo samoderzhaviia: vtoraia polovina XIX veka–1917 g.’, Candidate dissertation, Institute of Russian History, St Petersburg, 1999.
5. Prozorov, S. M. (ed.), Islam na teritorii byvshei Rossiiskoi imperii (Moscow: Vostochnaia literatura, 1999).