Food addiction symptoms and metabolic changes in children and adolescents with the double burden of malnutrition

Author:

de Moraes Rúbia Cartaxo SquizatoORCID,Sawaya Ana Lydia,Vieira Anne Caroline Alves,Pereira Joicy Karla Grangeiro,de Brito Alves José Luiz,de Luna Freire Micaelle Oliveira,Filgueiras Andrea RochaORCID,Martins Vinícius José BaccinORCID

Abstract

AbstractThe double burden of malnutrition (DBM) has been described in many low-/middle-income countries. We investigated food addiction, thyroid hormones, leptin, the lipid/glucose profile and body composition in DBM children/adolescents. Subjects were allocated into groups according to nutritional status: control (C, n 28), weight excess (WE, n 23) and DBM (WE plus mild stunting, n 22). Both the DBM and WE groups showed higher mean insulin concentrations than the control (DBM = 57·95 (95 % CI 47·88, 70·14) pmol/l, WE = 74·41 (95 % CI 61·72, 89·80) pmol/l, C = 40·03 (95 % CI 34·04, 47·83) pmol/l, P < 0·001). WE and DBM showed more food addiction symptoms than the control (3·11 (95 % CI 2·33, 3·89), 3·41 (95 % CI 2·61, 4·20) and 1·66 (95 % CI 0·95, 2·37)). In DBM individuals, addiction symptoms were correlated with higher body fat and higher insulin and leptin levels. These data provide preliminary evidence consistent with the suggestion that DBM individuals have a persistent desire to eat, but further studies are required to confirm these results in a larger study. These hormonal changes and high body fat contribute to the development of diabetes in long term.

Publisher

Cambridge University Press (CUP)

Subject

Nutrition and Dietetics,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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