Fluid-property effects on flow-generated waves on a compliant surface

Abstract

An experimental study of the influence of liquid viscosity and viscoelasticity on flow-generated waves on a compliant surface has been conducted in a rotating-disk geometry. Over the entire range of liquid properties studied, each test gave a well-defined critical onset flow velocity above which waves were present and below which no waves were observed. This onset velocity increased with increasing fluid viscosity, and for sufficiently high viscosities the onset occurred when the flow on the disk was laminar rather than turbulent. The effects of liquid viscoelasticity were examined in the turbulent flow using dilute solutions of high-molecular-weight polymers. This type of viscoelasticity had little influence on the onset flow velocity in these circumstances, but did make the wave structure on the surface more regular in appearance than when the liquid was Newtonian. In all cases the wave structure produced a dramatic increase in drag similar to that expected for a rough surface. For the viscoelastic fluid, however, the increase in drag was much less than for a viscous fluid of the same viscosity.