The production of subharmonic waves in the nonlinear evolution of wavepackets in boundary layers

Abstract

The nonlinear evolution of wavepackets in a laminar boundary layer has been studied experimentally. The packets were generated by acoustic excitations injected into the boundary layer through a small hole in the plate. Various packets with different phases relative to the envelope were studied. It was found that for all the packets the nonlinearity involved the appearance of oblique modes of frequency close to the subharmonic of the dominant two-dimensional wave. Moreover, the results confirmed that the phase had a strong influence on the strength of the nonlinear interaction. The experimental observations also indicated that although a subharmonic resonance appeared to be present in the process, it alone could not explain the nonlinear behaviour. The experiment demonstrated that the process must also involve a mechanism that generates oblique waves of frequency lower than the Tollmien–Schlichting band.