Wealth distribution and fiscal policy

Abstract

SummaryThis paper examines the long-run equilibrium wealth distribution in the context of a general equilibrium model in which heterogeneous agents are born into dynasties. When agents are born, they are randomly assigned to be either altruists or egoists. An altruistic agent cares about his progeny and so consumes part of his income (wages plus bequests) and bequeaths the rest to his heirs. These bequests determine the capital stock next period. An egoistic agent consumes all his income (wages plus bequests) leaving nothing to his heirs. Assuming that the probability that an altruist (egoist) is born to an altruist or an egoist follows a first-order Markov process, and given initial conditions on the distribution of wealth and bequests, the equilibrium dynamics of the economy can be characterised, and a stationary equilibrium (numerically) solved. This done, two fiscal policy tax/intragenerational transfer regimes are evaluated in terms of individual welfare and the distribution of wealth.